Memo Report

A memorandum (memo) is an informal report used to convey information about a subject. Engineers and technologists must often write memos to their supervisors. Therefore it is important to learn good habits in preparing this type of document.

All writing requires the author to consider the audience. Memos for all SSEL work are to be written to the physists for whom you work. The memo should tell what was done and describe the important findings.

Most important, tell and show how dependable your findings are.

Memo reports are to be no longer than three single sided pages typed or four pages hand written.

Memo to: SSEL workers
From: The Boss
Date: January, 2013
Reference: Memo Report Format

Summary: This memo describes a new report format, called the Informative Memo Report, that can be used as an alternative to the memo format shown in the EE/CpE Department’s Communications! document. The new style includes Summary,

Introduction, Main Body, and Concluding sections.

Introduction:
The memo report format shown in Communications! shows how to report on a lab experiment. An alternative might be called an Informative Memo Report. This type of memo should allow you to succinctly discuss any required topic. The ideal memo will be at most two pages; if you are really good, you will make points with the boss by covering the material in onepage.

Typical Memo Organization:

The Informative Memo Report organization can be like this memo. The Summary should be written so that your busy boss can get the meat of your memo without having to read the entire thing. The Introduction should bring the boss up to speed about what you are going to write about in the rest of the memo. The Body of the memo should be given an appropriate title (like “Typical Memo Organization”), and the main goals of the body are the following:

Cover all points required by the boss.
Allow the boss easily to get the information you want to convey.

In the body you should do the following:
Stick to the point
Don’t be wordy.

Use text formatting, such as bolding, italics, bullets of different styles, and alternate font styles to enhance your presentation and let the boss quickly see your main points.
Include circuit diagrams, figures, and graphs if needed.

Concluding Section:
If you wish to expand on the Summary given at the top of the memo, a concluding section might be given. You could entitle it Conclusion, Recommendations for Further Work, Summary

Comments, or any other title that tells what the boss is going to see when reading the conclusion.

Remember, the goal of any written or oral presentation is to communicate.

Element of Letter

The letter is an essential element in any agency or company as an interface to deliver important and official. The letter on the other hand is one of the means of communication to convey a meaning with written language. 

This time I will try to analyze the complimentary closing on the part of the letter. complimentary closing is only used in the news letter. This section is generally not required. But in Indonesia applying for compimentary closing tend to be mandatory for communicating ethics.

The complimentary closing should convey the level of formality and degree of personal feeling that the writer has for the reader.

The complimentary closing (omitted in the simplified letter format) appears two lines below the last line of text. Its alignment varies with the format of the letter:

In block letters, the complimentary closing
appears flush with the left margin.

In modified and semiblock letters, the
complimentary appears right of center or may
be flush with the right margin.

Complimentary closings for business letters include:

Sincerely,     Sincerely yours,     Thank you,     Regards,

Complimentary closings for informal letters include:

Best wishes,     Kindest regards,     Best regards,     

Cordially, 

Complimentary closings for very formal letters (those addressed to dignitaries and high officials) include:

Yours sincerely,     Respectfully yours,     Respectfully,

The word “truly” has become a cliche and should be avoided in letter closings.

Compimentary closing sentences in Indonesia are generally accustomed to using the word 

“Wassalamualikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Or Wassalam“

taken from the Arabic word meaning 

“Salvation and God’s grace may remain in you all Or And peace be with you“

Application Letter

APPLICATION LETTER

May 2, 2000 Dr. Welcome Bender Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 Dear Dr. Bender, I am currently a graduate student in Greg Mendel's lab at the U. of Brünn and I am writing to inquire about the possibility of a postdoctoral position in your laboratory. I plan on graduating in June, 2004 and I would be interested in beginning between June-September, 2004. My graduate work has focused on the inheritance patterns of certain traits in the pea Pisum sativum. Since peas have many traits that differ between different true-breeding plants, and since peas can both cross-fertilize and self-fertilize, this has been a good system for studying inheritance. My work has suggested that the inheritance of genetic traits follows two general rules. First, two members of a gene pair segregate from each other into the gametes. Second, during gamete formation, the segregation of alleles of one gene is independent of the segregation of alleles of another gene. This work will soon be published by the Natural History Society of Brünn. During the course of my graduate work, I have become very interested in Drosophila developmental biology. I have been especially intrigued by studies of the Polycomb complex and how it represses gene expression during development. Thus, I am quite interested in the work going on in your laboratory. I am planning a visit to the United States sometime early this summer. If possible, I would like to visit your lab at that time. I would be happy to present a seminar on my work. Enclosed is a copy of my CV. I have asked my three references to send you letters on my behalf. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely yours, Hugo de Vries

Inquiry letter

Sample Letter of Inquiry

The Virtual Community Group, Inc.
17 Park Road
Rural Town, NH 

July 1, 2012

Jane Smith, Executive Director
Xavier Foundation
555 S. Smith St.
Washington, D.C. 22222

Dear Ms. Smith,

I am writing to inquire whether the Xavier Foundation would invite a proposal from the Virtual Community Group, Inc., requesting an investment of $50,000 per year over two years to support our Enterprise 2000 initiative. This grant would provide part of the funds needed for us to train at least 1200 low-income entrepreneurs in rural New Hampshire in the computer skills they need to create sustainable businesses as we enter the twenty-first century. Your literature indicates that the Xavier Foundation is searching for innovative ideas to improve the lives of the rural poor; we believe Enterprise 2000 falls well within your area of interest.

Information technologies are a promising solution to one of the primary obstacles facing the small rural enterprise: the geographic distances which inhibit networking with other businesses, and which segregate them from a larger marketplace. The Internet and other networks are now making it possible for entrepreneurs even in the most remote locations to communicate and do business on a region-wide, national, or even international basis. Working in conjunction with other organizations, Enterprise 2000 gives program participants technical skills training adapted to individual need; and, in collaboration with organizations which recondition and redistribute used computers, we also assure that they obtain the necessary computer hardware, at low or no cost.

We believe that broadly-implemented technical skills programs such as Enterprise 2000 have the potential to transform the lives of many struggling entrepreneurs, and change the economic landscape of impoverished rural communities. Unlike many poverty alleviation initiatives, all of the Virtual Community Group programs are predicated on the assumption that these entrepreneurs already have 90% of what it takes to compete in the marketplace -- intelligence, ambition, initiative, and talent. After two years of experimentation and program development, the Virtual Community Group has fashioned a superb, easily replicable model in Enterprise 2000, and established a high degree of credibility among community groups, policy makers, and funders. With your support, we can make that 10% difference in the lives of these hard-working people and the future of our rural communities. 

Please feel free to call me with any questions. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Sincerely, 

Executive Director

Relative pronouns

Relative pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menunjuk pada kata benda yang mendahuluinya (antecedent) yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung dalam kalimat. Relative pronouns biasa diletakkan di awal subordinate clause atau anak kalimat yang menunjukkan relasi terhadap keseluruhan kalimat.

Kata ganti yang digunakan adalah: who, whom, whose, which, dan that.

Contoh:
- The man who is sitting in the corner is my friend.- The boy whom we visited is her boyfriend.
- The girl whose car was sold will go to study abroad.
- The filing cabinet, which we purchase last week, is very well built.
- The book that describes about behaviour of animal is expensive.

Kata who, whom, whose, which, dan that pada contoh di atas mengacu pada kata sebelumnya (the man, the boy, the girl, the filling cabinet, the book).


Perluasan relative pronouns dengan kata ganti seperti whoever, whomever, whateverdikenal sebagai indefinite relative pronouns.

Contoh:
- The boy will tease whomever he likes.- She said whatever came to mind.
- Let in whoever comes to me.

Kata what juga dapat digunakan sebagai indefinite relative pronouns, contoh:
- I will tell you what you need to know.

Relative/adjective clause

Adjective clause adalah klausa yang berfungsi sebagai kata sifat (adjective). Sebagaimana kata sifat, klausa ini berfungsi untuk menerangkan kata benda (nomina) dan kata ganti benda (pronomina). Perhatikan contoh ini:

The woman who is standing thereis my aunt. (Perempuan yang sedang berdiri di sana adalah bibiku.)

Kalimat di atas terdiri dari dua klausa,yaitu klausa utama (the woman is my aunt) dan klausa bawahan (who is standing there). Klausa who is standing next door adalah adjective clause karena klausa tersebut menerangkan the woman.

Satu ciri dari adjective clause adalah clause tersebut dapat menjawab pertanyaan dengan kata tanyawhich. Pada contoh di atas, adjective clause tersebut menjawab pertanyaan Which woman is your aunt?

Ciri lain dari adjective clause adalah klausa ini memiliki relative pronoun yang berfungsi sebagai subjek dalam klausa tersebut. Dalam contoh sebelumnya, relative pronoun-nya adalah who. Relative pronounselalu diletakkan tepat di sebelah nomina/pronomina yang diterangkan.

Jenis jenis adjective clause

• Adjective clause yang menerangkan Subjek
  Jenis adjective clause ini menggunakan relative pronoun ‘who’ dan ‘which’. Misalkan dua kalimat berikut ingin digabung menjadi satu kalimat yang mengandung adjective clause dengan kalimat pertama sebagai klausa utama:
  • Furqaan is a hypnotist.
  • He lives in Jakarta Timur.
  Maka caranya adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Letakkan kalimat yang menjadi klausa bawahan tepat di sebelah nomina yang akan diterangkan.
   Furqaan
   He lives in Jakarta Timur
   is a hypnotist.
2. Gantikan pronomina/nomina subjek pada klausa bawahan dengan relative pronounyang tepat. Karena pada contoh menggunakan he, maka digantikan dengan who.
   Furqaan who lives in Jakarta Timur
   is a hypnotist.

• Adjective clause yang menerangkan Objek
  
  Jenis ini menggunakan relative pronoun ‘whom’ dan ‘which’. Perhatikan dua kalimat yang akan digabung berikut ini:
  • Furqaan is a hypnotist.
  • We met him yesterday.
  Langkah-langkahnya adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Letakkan kalimat yang menjadi klausa bawahan tepat di sebelah nomina yang akan diterangkan.
   Furqaan we met him yesterday is a hypnotist.
2. Gantikan pronomina/nomina objek pada klausa bawahan dengan relative pronoun yang tepat. Karena pada contoh menggunakan him, maka digantikan dengan whom. Lalu, pindahkan relative pronoun itu ke sebelah nomina/pronomina yang digantikan pada klausa utama.
   Furqaan whom we met yesterday is a hypnotist.

• Adjective clause yang menerangkan kepemilikan
  Jenis ini menggunakan relative pronoun ‘whose’. Perhatikan dua kalimat yang akan digabung berikut:
  • Furqaan is a hypnotist.
  • His hobby is bicycling.
  Langkah-langkahnya adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Letakkan kalimat yang menjadi klausa bawahan tepat di sebelah nomina yang akan diterangkan.
   Furqaan his hobby is bicycling is a hypnotist.
2. Gantikan pronomina/nomina objek pada klausa bawahan dengan relative pronoun yang tepat. Lalu, pindahkan relative pronoun itu ke sebelah nomina/pronomina yang digantikan pada klausa utama.
   Furqaan whose hobby is bicycling is a hypnotist.
   
   

Tugas Bulan 3

Causative Verbs "Make"

Jack had his house painted.


This sentence is similar in meaning to: Someone painted Jack'shouse. OR Jack's house was painted by someone. Causative verbs expressthe idea of someone causing something to take place. Causative verbs canbe similar in meaning to passive verbs.

Examples:
• My hair was cut. (passive)
• I had my hair cut. (causative)

Make

'Make' as a causative verb expresses the idea that the person requiresanother person to do something.
Construction Chart

Subject + Make + Person + Base Form of Verb

Examples:
• Peter made her do her homework.
• The teacher made the students stay after class.

Make digunakan untuk memaksa seseorang melakukan sesuatu. Bentuknya adalah make + orang + verb.
Contoh:
• My teacher made me apologize for what I had said.
• Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat?
• She made her children do their homework.